agranular orbitofrontal cortex (OFCa)

The term agranular orbitofrontal cortex (OFCa) refers to the orbital component of the insulo-orbital cortex (IOC) of the human ( Ongur-2003 ) and the macaque ( Carmichael-1994 ). Topologically located entirely on the posterolateral surface of the orbital gyri (ORG) of the frontal lobe (FLB), it is histologically the same as the insular component of IOC, the agranular sector of the insula (INSag). Caudally, it is continuous with the INSag; rostrally It is bordered by area 13 and area 47. The OFCa is composed of four parts, which are differentiated by staining patterns for a number of different neurochemicals: area Iam, area Iai, and area Iapm in the human and the same in the macaque, except that, in the macaque, the fourth subdivision is area Iapl. While it has no topological equivalent in the smooth cortex of the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) or mouse ( Dong-2004 ), the OFCa of primates is equivalent histologically to the rodents's agranular insular cortex (INSag). The INSag of rodents is located rostrally on the ventrolateral surface of the cerebral cortex (CTX), dorsal to the piriform cortex (PIR) and ventral to the gustatory cortex (G1) and visceral sensory cortex. Updated 1 Oct 2024.

NeuroNames ID: 3501

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Models Where It Appears
orbitomedial prefrontal cortex hierarchy

refers to the organization of substructures of the orbitomedial prefrontal cortex of the human as described in Ongur-2003. The organization is the same in the macaque, except for a few minor differences in internal structure and names based on topology ( Carmichael-1994 ).

Topographic Model of Human Cerebral Cortex

The topographic model of human cerebral cortex is a closed partitive hierarchical model of cerebral cortical structure in the human. The cerebral cortex is segmented on the basis of internal structure, connectivity, and/or functions of cortical areas. It is designed to update the comprehensive early twentieth century parcellations of Brodmann and of von Economo and Koskinas and their successors. A work in progress, it integrates the most authoritative, comprehensive, and recent parcellations and nomenclatures from peer-reviewed publications and neuroanatomical texts. For an equivalent model in the rodent, Search BrainInfo for ' Functional CNS Model - Rat '. This segmentation of the human cerebral cortex, based on a combination of internal structure, connectivity, and function, complements the classical segmentation of the cerebral cortex into lobes, lobules, and gyri based on sulcal patterns: For the classical segmentation, see ' cerebral cortex ' and click 'Locus in Brain Hierarchy'.